Jacques Attali (born 1943) is a French economist and scholar. From 1981 to 1991, he was a French presidential adviser as a part of the country's socialist experiment.

In April 1991 he became the first President of the London-based European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the financial institution established by western governments to assist the countries of eastern and central Europe and the former Soviet Union in their transition to democratic market economies. He was forced to leave this position in July 1993 following a major scandal.

Attali is perhaps best known in America as the author of Noise: The Political Economy of Music, ISBN 0-8166-1287-0, which bears a foreword by Frederic Jameson and afterward by Susan McClary.